Independent Assortment
Mendel's Law of Independent Assortment states that each allele pair segregates independently during the process of gamete formation. In this animation you can see how independent assortment works in a dihybrid individual, that is, an individual who is heterozygous at two gene loci (R and Y). We already know from the Law of Segregation that 1/2 of the gametes will have the dominant allele for each gene, and 1/2 of the gametes will have the recessive allele. The Law of Independent Assortment now establishes that the R allele can come together randomly with either the Y or the y allele during gamete formation, as can the r allele, generating equal proportions of RY, Ry, rY and ry gametes. The Law of Independent Assortment assumes that the genes under consideration are not linked.